Import of lbtt 1.0.3
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@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
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\input texinfo @c -*-texinfo-*-
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@c %**start of header
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@setfilename lbtt.info
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@settitle @command{lbtt}
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@settitle @command{lbtt}
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@afourpaper
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@c %**end of header
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@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
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@end ifhtml
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This file documents how to use the LTL-to-B@"uchi
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translator testbench @command{lbtt}.
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Copyright @copyright{} 2003 Heikki Tauriainen
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Copyright @copyright{} 2004 Heikki Tauriainen
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@ifinfo
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@email{heikki.tauriainen@@hut.fi}
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@end ifinfo
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@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ Copyright @copyright{} 2003 Heikki Tauriainen
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@end ifnothtml
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@end ifnotinfo
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@ifhtml
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@ifhtml
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@html
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<blockquote>
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@end html
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@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ Copyright @copyright{} 2003 Heikki Tauriainen
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Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim
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copies of this manual provided the copyright notice and
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this permission notice are preserved on all copies.
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@ignore
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Permission is granted to process this file through TeX
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and print the results, provided the printed document
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@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ entitled ``GNU General Public License'' is included exactly
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as in the original, and provided that the entire resulting
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derived work is distributed under the terms of a
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permission notice identical to this one.
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Permission is granted to copy and distribute
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translations of this manual into another language,
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under the above conditions for modified versions.
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@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ under the above conditions for modified versions.
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@author Heikki Tauriainen <@email{heikki.tauriainen@@hut.fi}>
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@page
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@vskip 0pt plus 1filll
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Copyright @copyright{} 2003 Heikki Tauriainen
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Copyright @copyright{} 2004 Heikki Tauriainen
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<@email{heikki.tauriainen@@hut.fi}>
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The latest version of this manual can be obtained from@*
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|
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@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ The latest version of this manual can be obtained from@*
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Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim
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copies of this manual provided the copyright notice and
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this permission notice are preserved on all copies.
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Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified
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versions of this manual under the conditions for
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verbatim copying, provided also that the section
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|
@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ is included exactly as in the original, and provided
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that the entire resulting derived work is distributed
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under the terms of a permission notice identical to this
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one.
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Permission is granted to copy and distribute
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translations of this manual into another language,
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under the above conditions for modified versions.
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@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ under the above conditions for modified versions.
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for translating propositional linear temporal logic formulas into
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B@"uchi automata.
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This is edition 1.0.1 of the @command{lbtt} documentation. This edition
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This is edition 1.0.2 of the @command{lbtt} documentation. This edition
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applies to @command{lbtt} versions 1.0.x.
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@command{lbtt} is free software, you may change and redistribute it
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@ -122,10 +122,8 @@ comes with NO WARRANTY. See @ref{Copying} for details.
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* Analyzing test results:: Working with @command{lbtt}'s internal
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commands.
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* Interfacing with @command{lbtt}:: Interfacing LTL-to-B@"uchi translators
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* Interfacing with lbtt:: Interfacing LTL-to-B@"uchi translators
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with @command{lbtt}.
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* The @command{lbtt-translate} utility:: An interface for two LTL-to-B@"uchi
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translators.
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* References:: List of references.
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@ -271,7 +269,7 @@ for more information.
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formulas in the same state space using
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an LTL-to-B@"uchi translator should
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give consistent results.
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* B@"uchi automata intersection emptiness check::
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* Automata intersection emptiness check::
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The intersection of the languages
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accepted by two B@"uchi automata
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constructed from two complementary
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@ -811,7 +809,7 @@ $$
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@end ifnottex
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@noindent
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where
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where
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@iftex
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@tex
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$\it{op}'$
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@ -1129,16 +1127,9 @@ and the model checking result consistency check
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on the model checking results, and reports all detected failures.
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The B@"uchi automata intersection emptiness check
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@ifnottex
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(@pxref{B@"uchi automata intersection emptiness check})
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@end ifnottex
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@iftex
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(@pxref{Automata intersection emptiness check})
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@end iftex
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operates as follows
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(note that the LTL-to-B@"uchi translation phase is repeated in this figure
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only for completeness; in reality, @command{lbtt} performs this phase only
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once):
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(@pxref{Automata intersection emptiness check}) operates as follows (note that
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the LTL-to-B@"uchi translation phase is repeated in this figure only for
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completeness; in reality, @command{lbtt} performs this phase only once):
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@ifhtml
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@*
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@end ifhtml
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@ -1207,7 +1198,7 @@ providing an additional implementation to include in the tests.
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@node Model checking result consistency check, B@"uchi automata intersection emptiness check, Model checking result cross-comparison test, Test methods
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@node Model checking result consistency check, Automata intersection emptiness check, Model checking result cross-comparison test, Test methods
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@section Model checking result consistency check
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@cindex model checking result consistency check
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@ -1217,7 +1208,7 @@ LTL model checking tells whether any of the infinite paths starting from some
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state of a state space satisfies a given LTL formula. If there
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are no such paths beginning from the state, it follows that all infinite paths
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beginning from the state must then satisfy the @emph{negation} of the same
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formula. Since all state spaces used by @command{lbtt} always have at least
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formula. Since all state spaces used by @command{lbtt} always have at least
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one path beginning from each state of the state space (guaranteed by the
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state space generation algorithms), at least
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one path beginning from any state must satisfy either the formula or its
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@ -1245,9 +1236,8 @@ section.
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@end iftex
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@node B@"uchi automata intersection emptiness check, , Model checking result consistency check, Test methods
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@section B@"uchi automata intersection emptiness check
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@anchor{Automata intersection emptiness check}
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@node Automata intersection emptiness check, , Model checking result consistency check, Test methods
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@section Automata intersection emptiness check
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@cindex B@"uchi automata intersection emptiness check
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@cindex tests, B@"uchi automata intersection emptiness check
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@ -1361,21 +1351,21 @@ section specifying an LTL-to-B@"uchi translator. The other sections
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are optional and can be used to override the default testing parameters.
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@menu
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* @samp{Algorithm} section:: Each LTL-to-B@"uchi translator to be
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* Algorithm section:: Each LTL-to-B@"uchi translator to be
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tested requires a separate
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@samp{Algorithm} section in the
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configuration file.
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* @samp{GlobalOptions} section:: Options for changing the general
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* GlobalOptions section:: Options for changing the general
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behavior of @command{lbtt}.
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* @samp{FormulaOptions} section:: Options controlling the way random
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* FormulaOptions section:: Options controlling the way random
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LTL formulas are generated.
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* @samp{StateSpaceOptions} section:: Options controlling the way random
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* StateSpaceOptions section:: Options controlling the way random
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state spaces are generated.
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* Sample configuration file:: An example of a configuration file.
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@end menu
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@node @samp{Algorithm} section, @samp{GlobalOptions} section, Configuration file, Configuration file
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@node Algorithm section, GlobalOptions section, Configuration file, Configuration file
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@subsection The @samp{Algorithm} section
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@cindex configuration file, @samp{Algorithm} section
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@ -1439,7 +1429,7 @@ which is used to run the translator.
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@node @samp{GlobalOptions} section, @samp{FormulaOptions} section, @samp{Algorithm} section, Configuration file
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@node GlobalOptions section, FormulaOptions section, Algorithm section, Configuration file
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@subsection The @samp{GlobalOptions} section
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@cindex configuration file, @samp{GlobalOption} section
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@ -1488,14 +1478,8 @@ The default value for this option is @samp{Always}.
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@findex IntersectionCheck @r{[}GlobalOptions@r{]}
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@findex IntersectionTest @r{[}GlobalOptions@r{]}
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This option can be used to enable or disable the B@"uchi automata intersection
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emptiness check
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@ifnottex
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(@pxref{B@"uchi automata intersection emptiness check}).
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@end ifnottex
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@iftex
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(@pxref{Automata intersection emptiness check}).
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@end iftex
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The test is enabled by default.
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emptiness check (@pxref{Automata intersection emptiness check}). The test is
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enabled by default.
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@item ModelCheck = Local @r{|} Global
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@findex ModelCheck @r{[}GlobalOptions@r{]}
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@ -1531,7 +1515,7 @@ the value results in more output. The default value is 3.
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@node @samp{FormulaOptions} section, @samp{StateSpaceOptions} section, @samp{GlobalOptions} section, Configuration file
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@node FormulaOptions section, StateSpaceOptions section, GlobalOptions section, Configuration file
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@subsection The @samp{FormulaOptions} section
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@cindex configuration file, @samp{FormulaOptions} section
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@ -1796,7 +1780,7 @@ option has no effect if @samp{AbbreviatedOperators} is set to @samp{No}.)
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@node @samp{StateSpaceOptions} section, Sample configuration file, @samp{FormulaOptions} section, Configuration file
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@node StateSpaceOptions section, Sample configuration file, FormulaOptions section, Configuration file
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@subsection The @samp{StateSpaceOptions} section
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@cindex configuration file, @samp{StateSpaceOptions} section
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@ -1867,12 +1851,7 @@ the generated state spaces. The default value is 5.
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Usually this should probably be the same as the maximum number of
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different atomic propositions in the generated formulas
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@ifnottex
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(@pxref{@samp{FormulaOptions} section}).
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@end ifnottex
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@iftex
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(see the previous section).
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@end iftex
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(@pxref{FormulaOptions section}).
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If the number of propositions attached to each state of
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the state spaces is less than the maximum number of different propositions that
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may occur in the generated formulas, all ``extra'' propositions in the formulas
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@ -1916,7 +1895,7 @@ in any state of the state space. Note: This option has no effect if
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@end table
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@node Sample configuration file, , @samp{StateSpaceOptions} section, Configuration file
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@node Sample configuration file, , StateSpaceOptions section, Configuration file
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@subsection Sample configuration file
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@cindex configuration file, example
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@ -2211,13 +2190,7 @@ between test rounds to wait for user input.
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@vindex --intersectiontest
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@vindex --nointersectiontest
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These options enable or disable the B@"uchi automata intersection emptiness
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check
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@ifnottex
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(@pxref{B@"uchi automata intersection emptiness check}).
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@end ifnottex
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@iftex
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(@pxref{Automata intersection emptiness check}).
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@end iftex
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check (@pxref{Automata intersection emptiness check}).
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@item --localmodelcheck
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@vindex --localmodelcheck
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@ -2545,7 +2518,7 @@ This option can be used to change the size of the generated state spaces.
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@vindex --truthprobability
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This option sets the probability that @command{lbtt} uses for choosing the
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valuation for each atomic proposition in each state of the randomly generated
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state spaces. (This option has no effect is using enumerated paths as state
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state spaces. (This option has no effect if using enumerated paths as state
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spaces.)
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@end table
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@ -2643,8 +2616,8 @@ Program configuration:
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Atomic symbols in use (priority):
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false (5); propositions (90); true (5)
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Operators used for random LTL formula generation:
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operator ! /\ U V X \/
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priority 10 20 20 20 10 20
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operator ! /\ U V X \/
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priority 10 20 20 20 10 20
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@end smallexample
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@node Test round messages, Test statistics, Configuration information, Interpreting the output
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@ -2753,12 +2726,7 @@ The output of phases 4---8 will be repeated for each implementation included in
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the tests. After this @command{lbtt} proceeds to the model checking result
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cross-comparison test (@pxref{Model checking result cross-comparison test}) and
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the B@"uchi automata intersection emptiness test
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@ifnottex
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(@pxref{B@"uchi automata intersection emptiness check}).
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@end ifnottex
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@iftex
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(@pxref{Automata intersection emptiness check}).
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@end iftex
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The model checking result cross-comparison test might result in the following
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output:
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@ -2886,13 +2854,8 @@ state of the state space).
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@item
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Number of failures in the B@"uchi automata intersection emptiness check
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@iftex
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(@pxref{Automata intersection emptiness check})
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@end iftex
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@ifnottex
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(@pxref{B@"uchi automata intersection emptiness check})
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@end ifnottex
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for each pair of implementations.
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(@pxref{Automata intersection emptiness check}) for each pair of
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implementations.
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@end itemize
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Note that the pairwise inconsistency results form a symmetric matrix (although
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@ -2908,7 +2871,7 @@ and all LTL formulas used in the tests.
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@node Analyzing test results, Interfacing with @command{lbtt}, Interpreting the output, Top
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@node Analyzing test results, Interfacing with lbtt, Interpreting the output, Top
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@chapter Analyzing test results
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This chapter documents how to use @command{lbtt}'s internal commands to
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@ -2921,7 +2884,7 @@ case a test failure is detected) between test rounds to wait for user input by
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showing a prompt of the form
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@smallexample
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** [Round 22 of 1000] >>
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** [Round 22 of 1000] >>
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@end smallexample
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@menu
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@ -3217,12 +3180,7 @@ automata correctness tests. The second part describes the conventions that
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@cindex failure analysis, B@"uchi automata intersection check
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@cindex analyzing test failures, B@"uchi automata intersection emptiness check
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Analyze a failure in the B@"uchi automata intersection emptiness check
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@ifnottex
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(@pxref{B@"uchi automata intersection emptiness check}).
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@end ifnottex
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@iftex
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(@pxref{Automata intersection emptiness check}).
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@end iftex
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The two implementation identifiers select the B@"uchi automata for which
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to perform the analysis. The B@"uchi automata intersection emptiness
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check always involves automata constructed from the positive and the negative
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@ -3463,7 +3421,7 @@ which can be seen from the proof.
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@node Interfacing with @command{lbtt}, The @command{lbtt-translate} utility, Analyzing test results, Top
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@node Interfacing with lbtt, References, Analyzing test results, Top
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@chapter Interfacing LTL-to-B@"uchi translators with @command{lbtt}
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@cindex LTL-to-B@"uchi translators, interfacing with
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|
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@ -3472,12 +3430,7 @@ which can be seen from the proof.
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This chapter gives the details on how to use @command{lbtt} for
|
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testing LTL-to-B@"uchi translation algorithm implementations that are not
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supported by the basic distribution. (See
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@ifnottex
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@ref{The @command{lbtt-translate} utility}
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@end ifnottex
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@iftex
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the next chapter
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@end iftex
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@ref{The lbtt-translate utility}
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for information on how to connect several publicly available
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LTL-to-B@"uchi translator implementations to @command{lbtt}.)
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@ -3486,12 +3439,14 @@ LTL-to-B@"uchi translator implementations to @command{lbtt}.)
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LTL-to-B@"uchi translator.
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* Format for LTL formulas:: How @command{lbtt} passes LTL formulas
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to the translators.
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* B@"uchi automata:: How @command{lbtt} expects the translators
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* Format for automata:: How @command{lbtt} expects the translators
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to present their output.
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* The lbtt-translate utility:: An interface for two LTL-to-B@"uchi
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translators.
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@end menu
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@node Translator interface, Format for LTL formulas, Interfacing with @command{lbtt}, Interfacing with @command{lbtt}
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@node Translator interface, Format for LTL formulas, Interfacing with lbtt, Interfacing with lbtt
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@section Translator interface requirements
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@cindex LTL-to-B@"uchi translators, interface requirements
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|
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@ -3514,7 +3469,7 @@ The translator executable should read its input (an LTL formula) from
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@var{input-file} and write its output (a B@"uchi automaton) into
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@var{output-file} (without removing the input file); see
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@ifnottex
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@ref{Format for LTL formulas} and @ref{B@"uchi automata}
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@ref{Format for LTL formulas} and @ref{Format for automata}
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@end ifnottex
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@iftex
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the following two sections
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|
|
@ -3542,7 +3497,7 @@ Algorithm
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@node Format for LTL formulas, B@"uchi automata, Translator interface, Interfacing with @command{lbtt}
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@node Format for LTL formulas, Format for automata, Translator interface, Interfacing with lbtt
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@section Input file format for LTL formulas
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@cindex LTL-to-B@"uchi translators, LTL formula input file format
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|
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@ -3626,8 +3581,8 @@ line options (@pxref{Command line options}) to prevent
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@node B@"uchi automata, , Format for LTL formulas, Interfacing with @command{lbtt}
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@section Output file format for B@"uchi automata
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@node Format for automata, The lbtt-translate utility, Format for LTL formulas, Interfacing with lbtt
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@section Output file format for automata
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@cindex file formats, LTL-to-B@"uchi translator output file
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@cindex LTL-to-B@"uchi translators, automaton output file format
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|
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@ -3644,23 +3599,23 @@ The output file generated by the translator should contain an @var{automaton}
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described using the following grammar:
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@smallexample
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@var{automaton} @r{::=} @var{number-of-states} @var{sp} @var{number-of-acceptance-conditions} @var{states}
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@var{automaton} @r{::=} @var{num-states} @var{sp} @var{num-conds} @var{states}
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@var{number-of-states} @r{::=} @r{[}0@r{---}9@r{]+}
|
||||
@var{num-states} @r{::=} @r{[}0@r{---}9@r{]+}
|
||||
|
||||
@var{number-of-acceptance-conditions} @r{::=} @r{[}0@r{---}9@r{]+}
|
||||
@var{num-conds} @r{::=} @r{[}0@r{---}9@r{]+}
|
||||
|
||||
@var{states} @r{::=} @var{states} @var{sp} @var{state}
|
||||
@r{|} @r{// empty}
|
||||
@r{|} @r{// empty}
|
||||
|
||||
@var{state} @r{::=} @var{state-id} @var{sp} @var{initial?} @var{acceptance-conditions} @var{sp} `-1' @var{transitions} @var{sp} `-1'
|
||||
@var{state} @r{::=} @var{state-id} @var{sp} @var{initial?} @var{conds} @var{sp} `-1' @var{transitions} @var{sp} `-1'
|
||||
|
||||
@var{state-id} @r{::=} @r{[}0@r{---}9@r{]+}
|
||||
|
||||
@var{initial?} @r{::=} `0' @r{|} `1'
|
||||
|
||||
@var{acceptance-conditions} @r{::=} @var{acceptance-conditions} @var{sp} @var{acceptance-set-id}
|
||||
@r{|} @r{// empty}
|
||||
@var{conds} @r{::=} @var{conds} @var{sp} @var{acceptance-set-id}
|
||||
@r{|} @r{// empty}
|
||||
|
||||
@var{acceptance-set-id} @r{::=} @r{[}0@r{---}9@r{]+}
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -3714,7 +3669,7 @@ The state and acceptance condition identifiers need not be successive, and the
|
|||
states or acceptance conditions can be listed in any order. The only
|
||||
restrictions are that the identifiers of different states and acceptance
|
||||
conditions should be unique and that the total number of different identifiers
|
||||
should equal @var{number-of-states} or @var{number-of-acceptance-conditions},
|
||||
should equal @var{num-states} or @var{num-conds},
|
||||
respectively. (The same identifiers can be shared between states and acceptance
|
||||
conditions, however.)
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -3778,7 +3733,7 @@ The following example illustrates the file format.
|
|||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@node The @command{lbtt-translate} utility, References, Interfacing with @command{lbtt}, Top
|
||||
@node The lbtt-translate utility, , Format for automata, Interfacing with lbtt
|
||||
@section The @command{lbtt-translate} utility
|
||||
|
||||
@cindex @command{lbtt-translate} (executable file)
|
||||
|
|
@ -3847,17 +3802,18 @@ installation instructions. Then add the following @samp{Algorithm} section in
|
|||
@smallexample
|
||||
Algorithm
|
||||
@{
|
||||
Name = "@var{name for the implementation}"
|
||||
Path = "@var{path-to-@command{lbtt-translate}} @var{implementation-selector} @var{path-to-executable}"
|
||||
Name = "@r{[@var{name for the implementation}]}"
|
||||
Path = "@r{[@var{path-to-@command{lbtt-translate}}]}"
|
||||
Parameters = "@r{[@var{implementation selector}]} @r{[@var{path to executable}]}"
|
||||
Enabled = Yes
|
||||
@}
|
||||
@end smallexample
|
||||
|
||||
@noindent
|
||||
where @var{path-to-@command{lbtt-translate}} contains the complete path and
|
||||
where [@var{path-to-@command{lbtt-translate}}] contains the complete path and
|
||||
file name of the @command{lbtt-translate} tool executable,
|
||||
@var{implementation-selector} is either of the options @samp{--lbt} or
|
||||
@samp{--spin}, and @var{path-to-executable} is the full path
|
||||
[@var{implementation selector}] is either of the options @samp{--lbt} or
|
||||
@samp{--spin}, and [@var{path to executable}] is the full path
|
||||
of the tool executable. The names of these executables are usually (assuming
|
||||
a normal installation) @command{lbt} and @command{spin}, respectively.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -3875,7 +3831,7 @@ see a short summary of available options.
|
|||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@node References, Definitions, The @command{lbtt-translate} utility, Top
|
||||
@node References, Definitions, Interfacing with lbtt, Top
|
||||
@unnumbered References
|
||||
|
||||
@table @asis
|
||||
|
|
@ -3884,7 +3840,7 @@ E.@: Clarke Jr., O.@: Grumberg and D.@: Peled. Model checking. The MIT Press,
|
|||
1999.
|
||||
|
||||
@item @anchor{[Cou99]} [Cou99]
|
||||
J-M. Couvreur. On-the-fly verification of linear temporal logic. In
|
||||
J.-M. Couvreur. On-the-fly verification of linear temporal logic. In
|
||||
@i{Proceedings of the World Congress on Formal Methods in the Development of
|
||||
Computing Systems (FM'99), volume I}, volume 1708 of
|
||||
@i{Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, pages 253---271. Springer-Verlag, 1999.
|
||||
|
|
@ -3892,7 +3848,7 @@ Computing Systems (FM'99), volume I}, volume 1708 of
|
|||
@item @anchor{[DGV99]} [DGV99]
|
||||
M.@: Daniele, F.@: Giunchiglia and M.@: Y.@: Vardi. Improved automata
|
||||
generation for linear temporal logic. In @i{Proceedings of the 11th
|
||||
International Conference on Computer Aided Verification (CAV'99)}, volume 1633
|
||||
International Conference on Computer Aided Verification (CAV'99)}, volume 1633
|
||||
of @i{Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, pages 249---260. Springer-Verlag,
|
||||
1999.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -4001,7 +3957,7 @@ manipulates.
|
|||
* LTL formulas:: @command{lbtt} uses traditional semantics
|
||||
for propositional linear temporal
|
||||
logic.
|
||||
* Generalized B@"uchi automata:: The B@"uchi automata used by @command{lbtt}
|
||||
* Generalized automata:: The B@"uchi automata used by @command{lbtt}
|
||||
have one initial state, labels on
|
||||
transitions and zero or more
|
||||
acceptance conditions.
|
||||
|
|
@ -4010,7 +3966,7 @@ manipulates.
|
|||
@end menu
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@node LTL formulas, Generalized B@"uchi automata, Definitions, Definitions
|
||||
@node LTL formulas, Generalized automata, Definitions, Definitions
|
||||
@appendixsec LTL formulas
|
||||
|
||||
@command{lbtt} uses the traditional definition for propositional linear
|
||||
|
|
@ -4390,8 +4346,8 @@ $(\varphi\;{\bf B}\;\psi) \equiv_{\rm def} \neg(\neg\varphi\;\bf{U}\;\psi)$
|
|||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@node Generalized B@"uchi automata, State spaces, LTL formulas, Definitions
|
||||
@appendixsec Generalized B@"uchi automata
|
||||
@node Generalized automata, State spaces, LTL formulas, Definitions
|
||||
@appendixsec Generalized automata
|
||||
|
||||
@cindex B@"uchi automata, formal definition
|
||||
@cindex generalized B@"uchi automata, formal definition
|
||||
|
|
@ -4410,7 +4366,7 @@ $2^{AP}$
|
|||
with one initial state, labels on transitions and zero or more acceptance
|
||||
conditions.
|
||||
|
||||
@appendixsubsec Formal definition of generalized B@"uchi automata
|
||||
@appendixsubsec Formal definition of generalized automata
|
||||
|
||||
Formally, a generalized B@"uchi automaton can be represented as a tuple
|
||||
@iftex
|
||||
|
|
@ -4575,7 +4531,7 @@ $Q$,
|
|||
@end ifnottex
|
||||
the automaton may have many runs on the same input.
|
||||
|
||||
A run
|
||||
A run
|
||||
@iftex
|
||||
@tex
|
||||
$\langle q_0, q_1, q_2, \ldots\rangle$
|
||||
|
|
@ -4699,7 +4655,7 @@ of some states and then adjusting the transition labels appropriately.
|
|||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@node State spaces, , Generalized B@"uchi automata, Definitions
|
||||
@node State spaces, , Generalized automata, Definitions
|
||||
@appendixsec State spaces
|
||||
|
||||
@cindex state space, formal definition
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue