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python: add some parity-game bindings

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* python/spot/impl.i: Process game.hh.
* spot/misc/game.cc, spot/misc/game.hh: Make the output of
parity_game_solve() a solved_game object for easier manipulation in
Python.
* bin/ltlsynt.cc: Adjust usage.
* tests/python/paritygame.ipynb: New file.
* tests/Makefile.am, doc/org/tut.org: Add it.
* NEWS: Mention these bindings.
This commit is contained in:
Alexandre Duret-Lutz 2020-09-09 15:26:59 +02:00
parent 9e8a842975
commit 760bde093b
8 changed files with 1040 additions and 16 deletions
Download patch file Download diff file Expand all files Collapse all files

5
NEWS
View file

@ -79,6 +79,11 @@ New in spot 2.9.4.dev (not yet released)
- print_dot() will display states from player 1 using a diamond
shape.
Python:
- Bindings for functions related to parity games.
See https://spot.lrde.epita.fr/ipynb/paritygame.html for examples.
New in spot 2.9.4 (2020-09-07)
Bugs fixed:

17
bin/ltlsynt.cc
View file

@ -216,11 +216,10 @@ namespace
static spot::twa_graph_ptr
strat_to_aut(const spot::const_twa_graph_ptr& pg,
const spot::strategy_t& strat,
const spot::twa_graph_ptr& dpa,
bdd all_outputs)
{
auto aut = spot::make_twa_graph(dpa->get_dict());
aut->copy_ap_of(dpa);
auto aut = spot::make_twa_graph(pg->get_dict());
aut->copy_ap_of(pg);
unsigned pg_init = pg->get_init_state_number();
std::vector<unsigned> todo{pg_init};
std::vector<int> pg2aut(pg->num_states(), -1);
@ -230,10 +229,10 @@ namespace
{
unsigned s = todo.back();
todo.pop_back();
for (auto& e1: dpa->out(s))
for (auto& e1: pg->out(s))
{
unsigned i = 0;
for (auto& e2: dpa->out(e1.dst))
for (auto& e2: pg->out(e1.dst))
{
bool self_loop = false;
if (e1.dst == s || e2.dst == e1.dst)
@ -520,18 +519,16 @@ namespace
return 0;
}
spot::strategy_t strategy[2];
spot::region_t winning_region[2];
if (want_time)
sw.start();
parity_game_solve(dpa, winning_region, strategy);
auto solution = parity_game_solve(dpa);
if (want_time)
solve_time = sw.stop();
if (verbose)
std::cerr << "parity game solved in " << solve_time << " seconds\n";
nb_states_parity_game = dpa->num_states();
timer.stop();
if (winning_region[1].count(dpa->get_init_state_number()))
if (solution.player_winning_at(1, dpa->get_init_state_number()))
{
std::cout << "REALIZABLE\n";
if (!opt_real)
@ -539,7 +536,7 @@ namespace
if (want_time)
sw.start();
auto strat_aut =
strat_to_aut(dpa, strategy[1], dpa, all_outputs);
strat_to_aut(dpa, solution.winning_strategy[1], all_outputs);
if (want_time)
strat2aut_time = sw.stop();

1
doc/org/tut.org
View file

@ -72,6 +72,7 @@ real notebooks instead.
automata
- [[https://spot.lrde.epita.fr/ipynb/parity.html][=parity.ipynb=]] documents algorithms for manipulating parity automata
in Python
- [[https://spot.lrde.epita.fr/ipynb/paritygame.html][=paritygame.ipynb=]] illustrates support for parity games
- [[https://spot.lrde.epita.fr/ipynb/product.html][=product.ipynb=]] shows how to re-implement the product of two automata
in Python
- [[https://spot.lrde.epita.fr/ipynb/randltl.html][=randltl.ipynb=]] demonstrates a Python-version of [[file:randltl.org][=randltl=]]

6
python/spot/impl.i
View file

@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
// -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
// Copyright (C) 2009-2019 Laboratoire de Recherche et Développement
// Copyright (C) 2009-2020 Laboratoire de Recherche et Développement
// de l'Epita (LRDE).
// Copyright (C) 2003-2006 Laboratoire d'Informatique de Paris 6
// (LIP6), département Systèmes Répartis Coopératifs (SRC), Université
@ -164,6 +164,8 @@
#include <spot/parseaut/public.hh>
#include <spot/misc/game.hh>
#include <spot/kripke/fairkripke.hh>
#include <spot/kripke/kripke.hh>
#include <spot/kripke/kripkegraph.hh>
@ -690,6 +692,8 @@ def state_is_accepting(self, src) -> "bool":
%include <spot/twaalgos/complement.hh>
%include <spot/misc/game.hh>
%include <spot/kripke/fairkripke.hh>
%include <spot/kripke/kripke.hh>
%include <spot/kripke/kripkegraph.hh>

51
spot/misc/game.cc
View file

@ -230,9 +230,11 @@ namespace spot
}
}
void parity_game_solve(const const_twa_graph_ptr& arena,
region_t (&w)[2], strategy_t (&s)[2])
solved_game parity_game_solve(const const_twa_graph_ptr& arena)
{
solved_game result;
result.arena = arena;
const std::vector<bool>* owner =
ensure_parity_game(arena, "parity_game_solve");
@ -245,7 +247,10 @@ namespace spot
for (const auto& e: arena->edges())
m |= e.acc;
solve_rec(arena, owner, states_, m.max_set(), w, s);
solve_rec(arena, owner, states_, m.max_set(),
result.winning_region, result.winning_strategy);
return result;
}
void propagate_players(spot::twa_graph_ptr& arena,
@ -304,4 +309,44 @@ namespace spot
arena->set_named_prop("state-player", owner);
}
twa_graph_ptr
highlight_strategy(twa_graph_ptr& aut, const strategy_t& s,
unsigned color)
{
unsigned ns = aut->num_states();
auto* highlight = aut->get_or_set_named_prop<std::map<unsigned, unsigned>>
("highlight-edges");
for (auto [src, n]: s)
{
if (src >= ns)
throw std::runtime_error
("highlight_strategy(): strategy refers to unexisting states");
unsigned int i = 0;
for (auto& t: aut->out(src))
if (i++ == n)
{
(*highlight)[aut->edge_number(t)] = color;
break;
}
}
return aut;
}
twa_graph_ptr
solved_game::highlight_strategy(unsigned player, unsigned color)
{
auto aut = std::const_pointer_cast<twa_graph>(arena);
auto* highlight = aut->get_or_set_named_prop<std::map<unsigned, unsigned>>
("highlight-states");
unsigned ns = aut->num_states();
for (unsigned i = 0; i < ns; ++i)
if (player_winning_at(player, i))
(*highlight)[i] = color;
return spot::highlight_strategy(aut, winning_strategy[!!player], color);
}
}

28
spot/misc/game.hh
View file

@ -50,6 +50,24 @@ namespace spot
typedef std::unordered_set<unsigned> region_t;
typedef std::unordered_map<unsigned, unsigned> strategy_t;
struct SPOT_API solved_game
{
const_twa_graph_ptr arena;
region_t winning_region[2];
strategy_t winning_strategy[2];
/// \brief Highlight the edges of a strategy on the automaton.
twa_graph_ptr highlight_strategy(unsigned player, unsigned color);
bool player_winning_at(unsigned player, unsigned state)
{
auto& w = winning_region[player];
return w.find(state) != w.end();
}
};
/// \brief solve a parity-game
///
/// The arena is a deterministic max odd parity automaton with a
@ -59,10 +77,16 @@ namespace spot
/// game for player 1 using Zielonka's recursive algorithm.
/// \cite zielonka.98.tcs
SPOT_API
void parity_game_solve(const const_twa_graph_ptr& arena,
region_t (&w)[2], strategy_t (&s)[2]);
solved_game parity_game_solve(const const_twa_graph_ptr& arena);
/// \brief Print a max odd parity game using PG-solver syntax
SPOT_API
void pg_print(std::ostream& os, const const_twa_graph_ptr& arena);
/// \brief Highlight the edges of a strategy on an automaton.
SPOT_API
twa_graph_ptr highlight_strategy(twa_graph_ptr& arena,
const strategy_t& s,
unsigned color);
}

1
tests/Makefile.am
View file

@ -362,6 +362,7 @@ TESTS_ipython = \
python/ltsmin-dve.ipynb \
python/ltsmin-pml.ipynb \
python/parity.ipynb \
python/paritygame.ipynb \
python/product.ipynb \
python/randaut.ipynb \
python/randltl.ipynb \

947
tests/python/paritygame.ipynb Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,947 @@
{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 1,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"import spot\n",
"spot.setup()"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"# Support for parity games\n",
"\n",
"The support for parity games is currently quite rudimentary, as Spot currently only uses those games in `ltlsynt`.\n",
"\n",
"In essence, a parity game is just a parity automaton with a property named `state-player` that stores the player owning each state. The players are named 0 and 1.\n",
"\n",
"Player 1 is winning if it has a strategy to satisfy the acceptance condition regardless of player 0's moves.\n",
"Player 0 is winning if it has a strategy to not satisfy the acceptance codition regardless of player 1's moves."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Input/Output\n",
"\n",
"An extension of the HOA format makes it possible to store the `state-player` property. This allows us to read the parity game constructed by `ltlsynt` using `spot.automaton()` like any other automaton."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 2,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
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"metadata": {},
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],
"source": [
"game = spot.automaton(\"ltlsynt --ins=a --outs=b -f '!b & GFa <-> Gb' --print-game-hoa |\");\n",
"game"
]
},
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"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"In the graphical output, player 0 is represented by circles (or ellipses or rounded rectangles depending on the situations), while player 1's states are diamond shaped. In the case of `ltlsynt`, player 0 plays the role of the environment, and player 1 plays the role of the controler.\n",
"\n",
"In the HOA output, a header `spot-state-player` (or `spot.state-player` in HOA 1.1) lists the owner of each state."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 3,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"HOA: v1\n",
"States: 11\n",
"Start: 0\n",
"AP: 2 \"b\" \"a\"\n",
"acc-name: parity max odd 3\n",
"Acceptance: 3 Fin(2) & (Inf(1) | Fin(0))\n",
"properties: trans-labels explicit-labels trans-acc colored complete\n",
"properties: deterministic\n",
"spot-state-player: 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1\n",
"--BODY--\n",
"State: 0\n",
"[!1] 1 {1}\n",
"[1] 2 {1}\n",
"State: 1\n",
"[!0] 3 {1}\n",
"[0] 4 {1}\n",
"State: 2\n",
"[0] 4 {1}\n",
"[!0] 5 {1}\n",
"State: 3\n",
"[!1] 6 {1}\n",
"[1] 7 {2}\n",
"State: 4\n",
"[t] 8 {2}\n",
"State: 5\n",
"[1] 7 {2}\n",
"[!1] 6 {1}\n",
"State: 6\n",
"[t] 3 {1}\n",
"State: 7\n",
"[t] 5 {2}\n",
"State: 8\n",
"[0] 4 {2}\n",
"[!0] 9 {1}\n",
"State: 9\n",
"[t] 10 {1}\n",
"State: 10\n",
"[t] 9 {1}\n",
"--END--\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"print(game.to_str('hoa'))"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"# Solving games"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
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"The `parity_game_solve()` function returns a `solved_game` object."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 4,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"sol = spot.parity_game_solve(game)"
]
},
{
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"The solved game can be queried to know if a player is winning when the game starts in some given."
]
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{
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{
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"True"
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},
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],
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]
},
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"Calling the `highlight_strategy` method will decorate the original game with colors showing the winning region (states from which a player has a strategy to win), and strategy (which transition should be used for each winning state owned by that player) of a given player. Let's paint the strategy of player 1 in green (color 4) for this example:"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
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},
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