bin: add the --output to tools that output formulas

* src/bin/common_output.cc, src/bin/common_output.hh: Add option
--output.
* src/ltltest/ltlfilt.test, src/ltltest/rand.test: Add tests.
* NEWS, doc/org/ioltl.org: Document it.

NEWS

@@ -44,6 +44,12 @@ New in spot 1.99a (not yet released)
     - ltlfilt has a new --count option to count the number of matching
       automata.
 
+    - all tools that produce formulas or automata now have an --output
+      (a.k.a. -o) option to redirect that output to a file instead of
+      standard output.  The name of this file can be constructed using
+      the same %-escape sequences that are available for --stats or
+      --format.
+
     - ltlcross (and ltldo) have a list of hard-coded shorthands
       for some existing tools.  So for instance running
       'ltlcross spin ...' is the same as running

doc/org/ioltl.org

@@ -150,6 +150,7 @@ ltlfilt --help | sed -n '/Output options:/,/^$/p' | sed '1d;$d'
 #+END_SRC
 #+RESULTS:
 #+begin_example
+  -c, --count                print only a count of matched formulas
   -n, --max-count=NUM        output at most NUM formulas
   -q, --quiet                suppress all normal output
   -8, --utf8                 output using UTF-8 characters
@@ -158,14 +159,15 @@ ltlfilt --help | sed -n '/Output options:/,/^$/p' | sed '1d;$d'
                              "%f")
   -l, --lbt                  output in LBT's syntax
       --latex                output using LaTeX macros
+  -o, --output=FORMAT        send output to a file named FORMAT instead of
+                             standard output.  The first formula sent to a file
+                             truncates it unless FORMAT starts with '>>'.
   -p, --full-parentheses     output fully-parenthesized formulas
   -s, --spin                 output in Spin's syntax
       --spot                 output in Spot's syntax (default)
       --wring                output in Wring's syntax
 #+end_example
 
-#  LocalWords:  syntaxes LTL PSL num toc SRC ltl tgba sed FILENAME
-
 The =--spot=, =--utf-8=, =--spin=, =--wring= options select different
 output syntaxes as seen in [[tab:formula-syntaxes][the above table]].
 
@@ -203,5 +205,33 @@ from tool to tool:
 | [[file:genltl.org][=genltl=]]  | output formula | pattern name   | pattern parameter | (empty)      | (empty)       |
 | [[file:randltl.org][=randltl=]] | output formula | (empty)        | formula number    | (empty)      | (empty)       |
 
+
+By default everything is output to standard output, so that you can
+redirect the output to a file, and pipe it to another tool.  The the
+=--output= (or =-o=) allows you to construct a filename using some of
+the above =%=-sequences.
+
+For instance the following invocation of [[file:randltl.org][=randltl=]] will create 5
+random formulas, but in 5 different files:
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC sh :results verbatim :exports both
+randltl -n5 a b -o example-%L.ltl
+wc -l example-*.ltl
+#+END_SRC
+#+RESULTS:
+:  1 example-1.ltl
+:  1 example-2.ltl
+:  1 example-3.ltl
+:  1 example-4.ltl
+:  1 example-5.ltl
+:  5 total
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC sh :results verbatim :exports none
+rm -f example-*.ltl
+#+END_SRC
+#+RESULTS:
+
+
 #  LocalWords:  lbt LBT's filename UTF gfa GFa ltlfilt LBTT scheck
 #  LocalWords:  utf associativity
+#  LocalWords:  syntaxes LTL PSL num toc SRC ltl tgba sed FILENAME

src/bin/common_output.cc

@@ -52,6 +52,10 @@ static const argp_option options[] =
       -20 },
     { "format", OPT_FORMAT, "FORMAT", 0,
       "specify how each line should be output (default: \"%f\")", -20 },
+    { "output", 'o', "FORMAT", 0,
+      "send output to a file named FORMAT instead of standard output.  The"
+      " first formula sent to a file truncates it unless FORMAT starts"
+      " with '>>'.", 0 },
     { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }
   };
 
@@ -195,6 +199,9 @@ namespace
 }
 
 static formula_printer* format = 0;
+static std::ostringstream outputname;
+static formula_printer* outputnamer = 0;
+static std::map<std::string, std::unique_ptr<output_file>> outputfiles;
 
 int
 parse_opt_output(int key, char* arg, struct argp_state*)
@@ -208,6 +215,9 @@ parse_opt_output(int key, char* arg, struct argp_state*)
     case 'l':
       output_format = lbt_output;
       break;
+    case 'o':
+      outputnamer = new formula_printer(outputname, arg);
+      break;
     case 'p':
       full_parenth = true;
       break;
@@ -237,10 +247,11 @@ parse_opt_output(int key, char* arg, struct argp_state*)
 }
 
 
-void
+static void
 output_formula(std::ostream& out,
-	       const spot::ltl::formula* f, const char* filename, int linenum,
-	       const char* prefix, const char* suffix)
+	       const spot::ltl::formula* f,
+	       const char* filename = nullptr, int linenum = 0,
+	       const char* prefix = nullptr, const char* suffix = nullptr)
 {
   if (!format)
     {
@@ -257,15 +268,40 @@ output_formula(std::ostream& out,
     }
 }
 
+void
+::printable_formula::print(std::ostream& os, const char*) const
+{
+  output_formula(os, val_);
+}
+
 void
 output_formula_checked(const spot::ltl::formula* f,
 		       const char* filename, int linenum,
 		       const char* prefix, const char* suffix)
 {
-  if (output_format == quiet_output || output_format == count_output)
+  if (output_format == count_output)
+    {
+      if (outputnamer)
+	throw std::runtime_error
+	  ("options --output and --count are incompatible");
+      return;
+    }
+  if (output_format == quiet_output)
     return;
-  output_formula(std::cout, f, filename, linenum, prefix, suffix);
-  std::cout << '\n';
+  std::ostream* out = &std::cout;
+  if (outputnamer)
+    {
+      outputname.str("");
+      formula_with_location fl = { f, filename, linenum, prefix, suffix };
+      outputnamer->print(fl);
+      std::string fname = outputname.str();
+      auto p = outputfiles.emplace(fname, nullptr);
+      if (p.second)
+	p.first->second.reset(new output_file(fname.c_str()));
+      out = &p.first->second->ostream();
+    }
+  output_formula(*out, f, filename, linenum, prefix, suffix);
+  *out << '\n';
   // Make sure we abort if we can't write to std::cout anymore
   // (like disk full or broken pipe with SIGPIPE ignored).
   check_cout();

src/bin/common_output.hh

@@ -23,9 +23,12 @@
 #include "common_sys.hh"
 
 #include <argp.h>
+#include <map>
+#include <memory>
 #include "ltlast/formula.hh"
 #include "tgbaalgos/stats.hh"
 #include "common_output.hh"
+#include "common_file.hh"
 
 enum output_format_t { spot_output, spin_output, utf8_output,
 		       lbt_output, wring_output, latex_output,
@@ -38,9 +41,6 @@ extern const struct argp output_argp;
 
 int parse_opt_output(int key, char* arg, struct argp_state* state);
 
-void output_formula(std::ostream& os, const spot::ltl::formula* f,
-		    const char* filename = 0, int linenum = 0,
-		    const char* prefix = 0, const char* suffix = 0);
 void output_formula_checked(const spot::ltl::formula* f,
 			    const char* filename = 0, int linenum = 0,
 			    const char* prefix = 0, const char* suffix = 0);
@@ -58,10 +58,7 @@ public:
   }
 
   virtual void
-  print(std::ostream& os, const char*) const
-  {
-    output_formula(os, val_);
-  }
+  print(std::ostream& os, const char*) const;
 };
 
 class aut_stat_printer: protected spot::stat_printer
@@ -73,6 +70,8 @@ public:
     declare('f', &formula_);	// Override the formula printer.
   }
 
+  using spot::formater::set_output;
+
   std::ostream&
   print(const spot::const_tgba_digraph_ptr& aut,
 	const spot::ltl::formula* f = 0,

src/ltltest/ltlfilt.test

@@ -188,4 +188,8 @@ SPOT_STUTTER_CHECK=5 \
 # bug in the bitvectors.
 ../../bin/ltlfilt --stutter-invariant -f 'F(a & XXXXXX!a)' && exit 1
 
+
+../../bin/ltlfilt -c -o 'foo' -f a 2>stderr && exit 1
+grep 'ltlfilt: options --output and --count are incompatible' stderr
+
 true

src/ltltest/rand.test

@@ -130,3 +130,9 @@ run 2 $randltl -n3 0
 run 0 $randltl -n1000 0 1 > out
 grep -q '"0"' out
 grep -q '"1"' out
+
+
+run 0 $randltl -n5 2 -o test-all.ltl
+run 0 $randltl -n5 2 -o test-%L.ltl
+cat test-1.ltl test-2.ltl test-3.ltl test-4.ltl test-5.ltl > test-cmp.ltl
+diff test-cmp.ltl test-all.ltl