spot/src/tgbaalgos/reductgba_sim.hh

// Copyright (C) 2009, 2010, 2011 Laboratoire de Recherche et
// Développement de l'Epita (LRDE).
// Copyright (C) 2004, 2005 Laboratoire d'Informatique de Paris 6 (LIP6),
// département Systèmes Répartis Coopératifs (SRC), Université Pierre
// et Marie Curie.
//
// This file is part of Spot, a model checking library.
//
// Spot is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
// under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// Spot is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
// ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
// or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public
// License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
// along with Spot; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the Free
// Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
// 02111-1307, USA.


#ifndef SPOT_TGBAALGOS_REDUCTGBA_SIM_HH
#define SPOT_TGBAALGOS_REDUCTGBA_SIM_HH

#include "tgba/tgbareduc.hh"
#include "tgbaalgos/reachiter.hh"
#include <vector>
#include <list>
#include <sstream>

namespace spot
{

  /// \addtogroup tgba_reduction
  /// @{

  /// Options for reduce.
  enum reduce_tgba_options
    {
      // Reduce_None and Reduce_All clash with the definitions in ltl::reduce
      // for Swig because Swig does not handle namespaces.
#ifndef SWIG
      /// No reduction.
      Reduce_None = 0,
#endif
      /// Reduction of state using direct simulation relation.
      Reduce_quotient_Dir_Sim = 1,
      /// Reduction of transitions using direct simulation relation.
      Reduce_transition_Dir_Sim = 2,
      /// Reduction of state using delayed simulation relation.
      Reduce_quotient_Del_Sim = 4,
      /// Reduction of transition using delayed simulation relation.
      Reduce_transition_Del_Sim = 8,
      /// Reduction using SCC.
      Reduce_Scc = 16,
#ifndef SWIG
      /// All reductions.
      Reduce_All = -1U
#endif
    };

  /// \brief Remove some node of the automata using a simulation
  /// relation.
  ///
  /// \param a the automata to reduce.
  /// \param opt a conjonction of spot::reduce_tgba_options specifying
  ///             which optimizations to apply.
  /// \return the reduced automata.
  const tgba* reduc_tgba_sim(const tgba* a, int opt = Reduce_All);

#ifndef SWIG

  /// \brief Compute a direct simulation relation on state of tgba \a f.
  direct_simulation_relation* get_direct_relation_simulation(const tgba* a,
							     std::ostream& os,
							     int opt = -1);

  /// Compute a delayed simulation relation on state of tgba \a f.
  /// \bug Does not work for generalized automata.
  delayed_simulation_relation* get_delayed_relation_simulation(const tgba* a,
							       std::ostream& os,
							       int opt = -1);

  /// To free a simulation relation.
  void free_relation_simulation(direct_simulation_relation* rel);
  /// To free a simulation relation.
  void free_relation_simulation(delayed_simulation_relation* rel);

  ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
  // simulation.

  class spoiler_node;
  class duplicator_node;

  typedef std::vector<spoiler_node*> sn_v;
  typedef std::vector<duplicator_node*> dn_v;
  typedef std::vector<const state*> s_v;

  /// \brief Parity game graph which compute a simulation relation.
  class parity_game_graph : public tgba_reachable_iterator_breadth_first
  {
  public:
    parity_game_graph(const tgba* a);
    virtual ~parity_game_graph();

    virtual simulation_relation* get_relation() = 0;

    void print(std::ostream& os);

  protected:
    sn_v spoiler_vertice_;
    dn_v duplicator_vertice_;
    s_v tgba_state_;
    int nb_node_parity_game;

    void process_state(const state* s, int n, tgba_succ_iterator* si);

    /// \brief Compute each node of the graph.
    virtual void build_graph() = 0;

    /// \brief Remove edge from spoiler to duplicator that make
    /// duplicator loose.
    /// Spoiler node whose still have some link, reveal
    /// a direct simulation relation.
    virtual void lift() = 0;
  };

  ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
  // Direct simulation.

  /// Spoiler node of parity game graph.
  class spoiler_node
  {
  public:
    spoiler_node(const state* d_node,
		 const state* s_node,
		 int num);
    virtual ~spoiler_node();

    /// \brief Add a successor.
    /// Return true if \a n wasn't yet in the list of successor,
    /// false eitherwise.
    bool add_succ(spoiler_node* n);
    void del_succ(spoiler_node* n);
    virtual void add_pred(spoiler_node* n);
    virtual void del_pred();
    int get_nb_succ();
    bool prune();
    virtual bool set_win();
    virtual std::string to_string(const tgba* a);
    virtual std::string succ_to_string();
    virtual bool compare(spoiler_node* n);

    const state* get_spoiler_node();
    const state* get_duplicator_node();
    state_couple* get_pair();

    bool not_win;
    int num_; // for the dot display.

  protected:
    sn_v* lnode_succ;
    sn_v* lnode_pred;
    state_couple* sc_;
  };

  /// Duplicator node of parity game graph.
  class duplicator_node : public spoiler_node
  {
  public:
    duplicator_node(const state* d_node,
		    const state* s_node,
		    bdd l,
		    bdd a,
		    int num);
    virtual ~duplicator_node();

    virtual bool set_win();
    virtual std::string to_string(const tgba* a);
    virtual bool compare(spoiler_node* n);

    bool match(bdd l, bdd a);
    bool implies(bdd l, bdd a);

    bdd get_label() const;
    bdd get_acc() const;

  protected:
    bdd label_;
    bdd acc_;
  };

  /// Parity game graph which compute the direct simulation relation.
  class parity_game_graph_direct : public parity_game_graph
  {
  public:
    parity_game_graph_direct(const tgba* a);
    ~parity_game_graph_direct();

    virtual direct_simulation_relation* get_relation();

  protected:
    virtual void build_graph();
    virtual void lift();
    void build_link();

  };


  ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
  // Delayed simulation.

  /// Spoiler node of parity game graph for delayed simulation.
  class spoiler_node_delayed : public spoiler_node
  {
  public:
    spoiler_node_delayed(const state* d_node,
			 const state* s_node,
			 bdd a,
			 int num);
    ~spoiler_node_delayed();

    /// Return true if the progress_measure has changed.
    bool set_win();
    bdd get_acceptance_condition_visited() const;
    virtual bool compare(spoiler_node* n);
    virtual std::string to_string(const tgba* a);
    int get_progress_measure() const;

    bool get_lead_2_acc_all();
    bool set_lead_2_acc_all(bdd acc = bddfalse);

    //
    bool seen_;
  protected:
    /// a Bdd for retain all the acceptance condition
    /// that a node has visited.
    bdd acceptance_condition_visited_;
    int progress_measure_;
    bool lead_2_acc_all_;
  };

  /// Duplicator node of parity game graph for delayed simulation.
  class duplicator_node_delayed : public duplicator_node
  {
  public:
    duplicator_node_delayed(const state* d_node,
			    const state* s_node,
			    bdd l,
			    bdd a,
			    int num);
    ~duplicator_node_delayed();

    /// Return true if the progress_measure has changed.
    bool set_win();
    virtual std::string to_string(const tgba* a);
    bool implies_label(bdd l);
    bool implies_acc(bdd a);
    int get_progress_measure();

    bool get_lead_2_acc_all();
    bool set_lead_2_acc_all(bdd acc = bddfalse);

    //
    bool seen_;
  protected:
    int progress_measure_;
    bool lead_2_acc_all_;
  };


  /// Parity game graph which computes the delayed simulation relation
  /// as explained in
  /// \verbatim
  /// @InProceedings{etessami.01.alp,
  ///   author	= {Kousha Etessami and Thomas Wilke and Rebecca A. Schuller},
  ///   title	= {Fair Simulation Relations, Parity Games, and State Space
  /// 		  Reduction for Buchi Automata},
  ///   booktitle = {Proceedings of the 28th international colloquium on
  /// 		  Automata, Languages and Programming},
  ///   pages	= {694--707},
  ///   year	= {2001},
  ///   editor	= {Fernando Orejas and Paul G. Spirakis and Jan van Leeuwen},
  ///   volume	= {2076},
  ///   series	= {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  ///   address	= {Crete, Greece},
  ///   month	= {July},
  ///   publisher = {Springer-Verlag}
  /// }
  /// \endverbatim
  class parity_game_graph_delayed: public parity_game_graph
  {
  public:
    parity_game_graph_delayed(const tgba* a);
    ~parity_game_graph_delayed();

    virtual delayed_simulation_relation* get_relation();

  private:

    /// Vector which contain all the sub-set of the set
    /// of acceptance condition.
    typedef std::vector<bdd> bdd_v;
    bdd_v sub_set_acc_cond_;

    /// Return the number of acceptance condition.
    int nb_set_acc_cond();

    ///
    duplicator_node_delayed* add_duplicator_node_delayed(const spot::state* sn,
							 const spot::state* dn,
							 bdd acc,
							 bdd label,
							 int nb);

    ///
    spoiler_node_delayed* add_spoiler_node_delayed(const spot::state* sn,
						   const spot::state* dn,
						   bdd acc,
						   int nb);

    void build_recurse_successor_spoiler(spoiler_node* sn,
					 std::ostringstream& os);
    void build_recurse_successor_duplicator(duplicator_node* dn,
					    spoiler_node* sn,
					    std::ostringstream& os);

    /// \brief Compute the couple as for direct simulation,
    virtual void build_graph();

    /// \brief The Jurdzinski's lifting algorithm.
    virtual void lift();
  };

#endif // SWIG

  /// @}
}

#endif // SPOT_TGBAALGOS_REDUCTGBA_SIM_HH